Background: Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) is a disorder characterized by elevated intracranial pressure without an identifiable underlying aetiology. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and neuro-imaging may be normal, though certain MRI signs have been described which can help in establishing the diagnosis of IIH.
Objective: The prevalence of IIH is on the rise secondary to the global obesity epidemic. The diagnostic criteria and treatment strategies are subject to constant modification and upgradation.
Materials and method: We reviewed literature pertaining to the development of concept and history of IIH, it’s varied nomenclature, the newer classification criteria and the treatment strategies.
Results and conclusion: Despite being a century old disease, the nomenclature and diagnostic criteria have undergone constant modifications. The most common symptoms are headache, visual disturbances and tinnitus. Treatment strategies include weight reduction, lifestyle modification, Acetazolamide, analgesics for headache, topiramate and surgical procedures like shunt diversion or optic nerve sheath fenestration.

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